The three-line answer
- PMR446 handsets (most consumer walkie talkies): no licence, ever, within the band's limits.
- Business radios on other frequencies or higher power: Ofcom licence required — from £75 for five years.
- Network (PoC) radios: no licence — they transmit over the mobile networks, whose operators already hold the spectrum licences.
The £75 licence, demystified
Ofcom's Business Radio Simple UK Light licence is the one that covers the overwhelming majority of small-business radio use: £75, lasts five years, covers your whole organisation — not per handset — on shared business frequencies anywhere in the UK. Application is online through Ofcom's licensing portal and typically quick. £15 a year to run a fleet of proper radios legally is one of the great bargains in business kit; the pricier licence classes (Technically Assigned, area-defined) only enter the picture when you want dedicated frequencies or repeaters, at which point a radio dealer normally handles the paperwork as part of the install.
The import trap
The way honest people end up breaking this law is nearly always the same: a powerful, cheap handheld from an online marketplace, shipped programmed with frequencies scattered across the business — sometimes even emergency-service — bands. Capable hardware isn't permission. If a radio transmits outside PMR446's limits and you haven't got a licence covering the frequencies it's using, every press of the button is an offence under the Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006, and Ofcom does enforce, with seizure and prosecution among its tools. The test is simple: if it wasn't sold explicitly as PMR446 and you hold no licence, don't transmit with it.
Special cases people ask about
- Marine VHF — a different band with its own rules: the set needs a Ship Radio Licence (free) and the operator a qualification (SRC). PMR446 is not a marine safety radio; it has no link to the coastguard watch channels.
- Amateur (ham) radio — its own licence via an exam; entirely separate from business radio.
- Airband, hunting imports, "unlocked" firmware — all licensed spectrum. Same rule as above: no licence, no transmit.
- Events and short-term hire — hire fleets from UK suppliers come either as PMR446 or covered under the hirer's licence arrangements; reputable hire includes this by default.
Quick answers
Do I need a licence for a walkie talkie in the UK?
Not for PMR446 consumer handsets. Yes for higher-powered business radios — £75 for five years covers the whole business. Network radios need none.
How much is the licence?
Simple UK Light: £75/five years, organisation-wide. Dedicated-frequency licences cost more and usually arrive via your radio dealer.
What's the penalty for unlicensed use?
It's a Wireless Telegraphy Act offence — Ofcom can seize equipment and prosecute. The usual accidental route is an import transmitting outside PMR446.